of municipal water supplies to a level between 0.7 and 1.2 ppm. When used in very high concentrations (on the order of 10% by volume or higher) , sodium fluoride may be found in rat poisons, insecticides, and wood preservatives. Fluorides and human health High concentrations In high concentrations, as with almost all substances, fluoride compounds are toxic. 5 grams of full strength sodium fluoride will kill most adult humans; a lethal dose is approximately 75mg per kilogram body mass. When ingested directly, fluoride compounds are readily absorbed by the intestines; over time, the compound is excreted through the urine, and the half life for concentration of fluorine compounds is on an order of hours. Implied is that fluoride is taken out of circulation by the body and trace amounts bound in bone. Urine tests are a good indication of high exposure to fluoride compounds in the recent past. In 1973 Jason Burton, a boy in Melbourne, Australia died after swallowing six fluoride tablets; four were recovered after a stomach pumping while the other two had already been absorbed into the body. The hospital staff had assumed it would take well over 100 tablets to be fatal, making the Burton case an object lesson in high concentration fluoride intake.[1] High concentration salts of fluorine are toxic if swallowed or inhaled. In October 1948 Donora, Pennsylvania had an incident of fluoride poisoning as a result of a temperature inversion in a valley of zinc and steel works; 20 died.[1] Contact by many fluoride compounds (in high concentrations) with skin or eyes is dangerous. In case of accidental swallowing, give milk, calcium carbonate or milk of magnesia to ; Stay tuned for the next part about best florida plastic surgeon.


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